{"record":{"aliases":["Rustem Effendi"],"appointmentIds":["turkey-33d005442d7d39"],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/rustem-efendi-918a99286a/","countrySlug":"turkey","entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/rustem-efendi-918a99286a/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Rüstem Efendi represented the Ottoman Empire at the International Meridian Conference in 1884 as a secretary of its Washington legation. The embassy’s historical roster later records him at the head of the mission between October 1886 and March 1887.","He defended Ottoman timekeeping based on sunset for farming and religious observance, while accepting an international standard that preserved local practice. In the final review he changed his vote on the universal day’s starting point from affirmative to negative.","Historian Ö. Kürşad Karacagil distinguishes this Rüstem from Alfred, later Ahmet, Rüstem Bey, the ambassador of 1914: the older Washington official had served there for years when the younger man was still in Sofia."],"id":"turkey:rustem-efendi","identifiers":{},"legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-918a99286a399b7c6795.html","name":"Rüstem Efendi","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["rustem-conference","rustem-roster"],["rustem-conference"],["rustem-karacagil"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-918a99286a399b7c6795.html","relatedEvents":[],"relatedPeople":[{"certainty":"documented","name":"Carl Lewenhaupt","note":"Documented conference participation.","profileUrl":"diplomat-3036040880779c10c905.html","sourceIds":["rustem-conference"],"targetId":"sweden:carl-lewenhaupt","type":"shared_conference"},{"certainty":"documented","name":"Ahmet Rüstem Bey","note":"Karacagil explicitly corrects conflation of the earlier Washington secretary with Alfred/Ahmet Rüstem Bey.","profileUrl":"diplomat-8168437f2e68f7a3bc1d.html","sourceIds":["rustem-karacagil"],"targetId":"turkey:ahmet-rustem-bey","type":"distinct_from"}],"relationships":[{"certainty":"documented","note":"Documented conference participation.","sourceIds":["rustem-conference"],"targetId":"sweden:carl-lewenhaupt","type":"shared_conference"},{"certainty":"documented","note":"Karacagil explicitly corrects conflation of the earlier Washington secretary with Alfred/Ahmet Rüstem Bey.","sourceIds":["rustem-karacagil"],"targetId":"turkey:ahmet-rustem-bey","type":"distinct_from"}],"researchStatus":"limited","reviewedOn":"2026-10-28","revision":"d3dda3db613d8d32","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"rustem-conference","locator":"Delegate list; pp. 178–181, speech on local reckoning; closing-session correction of resolution V vote","publisher":"Gibson Brothers, 1884; Project Gutenberg transcription","title":"International Meridian Conference: Protocols of the Proceedings, Washington, 1884","type":"primary-record","url":"https://dev.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/17759/pg17759-images.html"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"rustem-roster","locator":"Rüstem Efendi entry, 1 October 1886–14 March 1887","publisher":"Embassy of Türkiye, Washington","title":"Previous heads of mission: Rüstem Efendi","type":"official-roster","url":"https://vasington-be.mfa.gov.tr/Mission/MissionChiefHistory"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"rustem-karacagil","locator":"Publisher’s preview, p. 17: explicit distinction between the 1884 Washington secretary and Alfred Rüstem in Sofia","publisher":"VakıfBank Kültür Yayınları, 2022","title":"Ö. Kürşad Karacagil, Ahmet Rüstem Bey: Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e Sıra Dışı Bir Diplomat","type":"scholarly-book","url":"https://vbky.com.tr/media/t1/001/669/650/645/ahmet-rustem-bey-ilk-23-sayfa.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"Accessed 23 October 2026","id":"mission-8640388fff0b15c07ec2","locator":"Full displayed historical chronology 1867–2024; current chancery commissioned 1997, completed/used 1999, inaugurated April 23, 1999.","publisher":"","title":"Mission history and former chiefs of mission","type":"Mission record","url":"https://washington-emb.mfa.gov.tr/Mission/MissionChiefHistory"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"Accessed 26 October 2026","id":"mission-340426425ad7225dc035","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Historical representation: Ottoman Empire","type":"Mission record","url":"https://history.state.gov/countries/turkey"}],"topics":["International Meridian Conference","time standards","identity reconciliation"]},"schemaVersion":1}