{"record":{"affiliations":[{"polityId":"polity-3fcc9adb88012825729f2b2c","sourceIds":["growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-life-in-brief"]}],"aliases":["Richard Milhous Nixon","President Nixon"],"appointmentIds":[],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-988ec7eb63/","countrySlug":null,"countrySlugs":[],"entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-988ec7eb63/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Richard Milhous Nixon served in Congress and as Dwight D. Eisenhower’s vice president before winning the presidency in 1968. His administration concentrated on changing relations among the major communist powers and reducing direct American involvement in Vietnam. He resigned in August 1974 after the Watergate investigation exposed abuses of presidential power and obstruction of justice.","Nixon and national security adviser Henry Kissinger used the Sino-Soviet split to pursue parallel openings to Beijing and Moscow. Nixon visited China in February 1972, beginning a rapprochement that did not yet establish full diplomatic relations. His Moscow summit later that year produced the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty and an interim agreement limiting certain strategic offensive arms, central elements of détente.","In Vietnam, “Vietnamization” transferred more fighting to South Vietnamese forces while American troops withdrew. Nixon also expanded bombing and ordered operations in Cambodia, provoking intense opposition. The Paris Peace Accords in 1973 ended direct American combat involvement but did not secure a lasting peace between North and South Vietnam. During the Arab-Israeli war later that year, American support for Israel and superpower confrontation coincided with an Arab oil embargo.","Nixon’s domestic record included the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency, workplace safety legislation, and changes in federal administration. In 1971 he suspended the dollar’s convertibility into gold and imposed wage and price controls, responding to inflation and international monetary pressure. The Watergate scandal ultimately overwhelmed these policies. His resignation left Gerald Ford to confront both economic instability and a severe loss of confidence in the presidency."],"id":"global:person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc","identifiers":{},"identityScope":"global","legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-988ec7eb630665e5c979.html","name":"Richard Nixon","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-life-in-brief"],["growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-foreign-affairs"],["growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-foreign-affairs"],["growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-domestic-affairs"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-988ec7eb630665e5c979.html","relatedEvents":[],"relatedPeople":[],"relationships":[],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-11-04","revision":"23f4686280b18770","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-11-04","date":"","id":"growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-life-in-brief","locator":"Relevant narrative sections in the named biographical essay","publisher":"University of Virginia Miller Center","title":"Richard Nixon: Life in Brief","type":"institutional","url":"https://millercenter.org/president/nixon/life-in-brief"},{"accessedOn":"2026-11-04","date":"","id":"growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-foreign-affairs","locator":"Relevant narrative sections in the named biographical essay","publisher":"University of Virginia Miller Center","title":"Richard Nixon: Foreign Affairs","type":"institutional","url":"https://millercenter.org/president/nixon/foreign-affairs"},{"accessedOn":"2026-11-04","date":"","id":"growth-person-a20b697c681e108d7ccf77dc-miller-nixon-domestic-affairs","locator":"Relevant narrative sections in the named biographical essay","publisher":"University of Virginia Miller Center","title":"Richard Nixon: Domestic Affairs","type":"institutional","url":"https://millercenter.org/president/nixon/domestic-affairs"}],"topics":[]},"schemaVersion":1}