{"record":{"affiliations":[{"polityId":"polity-3fcc9adb88012825729f2b2c","sourceIds":["growth-person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-secretary-livingston-edward"]}],"aliases":[],"appointmentIds":[],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-6e9a96d259/","countrySlug":null,"countrySlugs":["france","united-kingdom","mexico","argentina"],"entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-6e9a96d259/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Edward Livingston served as Andrew Jackson’s Secretary of State from 1831 to 1833 and then as American minister to France. A New York lawyer and former mayor of New York City, he rebuilt his career in Louisiana and aided Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. His legal work and political service in both states preceded his appointment to a cabinet that Jackson was reorganizing after a bitter internal dispute.","Livingston inherited unresolved boundaries with Britain and disputes with Mexico over Texas. He pressed for French implementation of an indemnity treaty covering seizures of American ships during the Napoleonic Wars. His application of the Monroe Doctrine varied with the circumstances: he protested British influence over New Granada’s commercial arrangements but did not use the doctrine to challenge Britain’s occupation of the Falkland Islands in 1833. Jackson retained close control over these foreign policy decisions.","Livingston also helped write Jackson’s 1832 proclamation rejecting South Carolina’s claim that a state could nullify federal law. After leaving the cabinet, he continued the French claims negotiations in Paris. Disputes over payment and Jackson’s threats of retaliation nearly broke relations, and the final settlement came after Livingston’s mission had ended. His service therefore connected a major constitutional crisis at home with prolonged bargaining over the commercial rights of Americans abroad."],"id":"global:person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8","identifiers":{},"identityScope":"global","legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-6e9a96d2593f5c68523a.html","name":"Edward Livingston","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["growth-person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-secretary-livingston-edward"],["growth-person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-secretary-livingston-edward"],["growth-person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-secretary-livingston-edward"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-6e9a96d2593f5c68523a.html","relatedEvents":[],"relatedPeople":[],"relationships":[],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-11-04","revision":"ec7c40abe779fee1","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-11-04","date":"","id":"growth-person-821e770dc3c4ff354da046d8-secretary-livingston-edward","locator":"Introduction, Rise to Prominence, Influence on American Diplomacy, and service chronology","publisher":"U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian","title":"Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edward Livingston","type":"institutional","url":"https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/livingston-edward"}],"topics":[]},"schemaVersion":1}