{"record":{"aliases":["Moekarto Notowidigdo","Mukarto Notowidigdo"],"appointmentIds":["indonesia-d0c3e77a6c4f50"],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":["moekarto-bank"],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/moekarto-notowigdo-1e40e61c23/","countrySlug":"indonesia","entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/moekarto-notowigdo-1e40e61c23/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Moekarto Notowidigdo was born in Blora in 1910 and entered the Indonesian nationalist movement as a young man. During the independence struggle he worked with Finance Minister A. A. Maramis on funding the Republic’s representatives abroad. He subsequently served in Indonesia’s United Nations delegation and became foreign minister in 1952. In an American radio address for This I Believe, he recalled imprisonment during the struggle and prisoners singing the national anthem as a fellow nationalist was taken to execution. He presented that experience as the foundation of his belief in human dignity and solidarity.","He became ambassador to the United States in 1953. On 15 April 1954 he signed the World Bank’s Articles of Agreement for Indonesia, establishing its membership in the institution. During President Sukarno’s 1956 American visit he joined Foreign Minister Roeslan Abdulgani in discussions with John Foster Dulles on relations with the Netherlands, Japanese reparations, technical training, and trade. He defended Indonesia’s handling of trials of Dutch citizens while criticizing the treatment of Indonesians arrested in West New Guinea.","In May 1958, amid the regional rebellion, Moekarto urged Dulles to cultivate both Sukarno and army chief Abdul Haris Nasution. He reported that he had warned Sukarno about the domestic and international risks of cooperation with the Indonesian Communist Party. He supported a proposed American arms shipment to the army and asked for technical assistance directed toward small industries.","At his farewell meeting with President Eisenhower in August 1960, Moekarto pressed for longer American study periods for Indonesians. Short training visits, he argued, did not provide enough time to qualify professionally or understand American institutions; he proposed stays of four to six years for suitable students. He also asked for American help in preventing an armed clash over West New Guinea after the dispatch of the Dutch aircraft carrier Karel Doorman.","His later diplomatic assignments were to India and Canada. He served in New Delhi from 1960 to 1964 and Ottawa from 1964 to 1966. He died in Jakarta in June 1984."],"id":"indonesia:moekarto notowigdo","identifiers":{},"legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-1e40e61c234aec850f40.html","name":"Moekarto Notowigdo","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["moekarto-reference","moekarto-finance","moekarto-believe"],["moekarto-bank","moekarto-1956"],["moekarto-1958"],["moekarto-farewell"],["moekarto-reference"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-1e40e61c234aec850f40.html","relatedEvents":[{"basis":"tenure-overlap","country":"Indonesia","date":"1956","description":"President Sukarno’s visit to the United States brought him together with President Dwight D. Eisenhower. A United States Information Service photograph preserves their handshake.","id":"sukarno-1956","note":"Named people and the recorded mission tenure provide the connection; overlap does not establish personal participation.","sourceUrls":["https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sukarno_with_Dwight_Eisenhower,_Presiden_Soekarno_di_Amerika_Serikat,_p25.jpg"],"title":"Sukarno meets Eisenhower","url":"Indonesia.html#history-sukarno-1956"},{"basis":"tenure-overlap","country":"Indonesia","date":"18 May 1958","description":"Indonesian forces capture American pilot Allen Pope near Ambon. His imprisonment exposes the risks of US support for rebels opposing Jakarta.","id":"indonesia-pope-1958","note":"Named people and the recorded mission tenure provide the connection; overlap does not establish personal participation.","sourceUrls":["https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v23/d153"],"title":"A covert operation becomes a diplomatic crisis","url":"Indonesia.html#history-indonesia-pope-1958"}],"relatedPeople":[],"relationships":[],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-10-28","revision":"5244ac4af30b012e","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"moekarto-reference","locator":"Biography, life dates and later appointments; revision 29626775","publisher":"Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia","title":"Moekarto Notowidigdo","type":"reference","url":"https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moekarto_Notowidigdo"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2022-10-07","id":"moekarto-finance","locator":"Section on financing foreign representations","publisher":"Indonesian Ministry of Finance / Historia","title":"Usaha Menteri Keuangan Alexander Andries Maramis Menyelamatkan Ekonomi Indonesia ... 1947–1948","type":"institutional-history","url":"https://mediakeuangan.kemenkeu.go.id/article/show/usaha-menteri-keuangan-alexander-andries-maramis-menyelamatkan-ekonomi-indonesia-di-dalam-pemerintahan-periode-1947-1948"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"moekarto-believe","locator":"Complete transcript, introduction and 0:49–3:28","publisher":"Tufts University, Edward R. Murrow papers","title":"This I Believe: Moekarto Notowidigdo","type":"primary-record","url":"https://dl.tufts.edu/concern/audios/vt150v35k"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1954-04-15","id":"moekarto-bank","locator":"15 April 1954 entry and photograph caption","publisher":"World Bank","title":"Indonesia signs IBRD Articles of Agreement","type":"archive","url":"https://timeline.worldbank.org/en/timeline/eventdetail/2166"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1956-05-17","id":"moekarto-1956","locator":"FRUS 1955–1957, vol. XXII, document 158","publisher":"U.S. Department of State","title":"Memorandum of Conversation: U.S.–Indonesian Relations","type":"primary-record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v22/d158"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1958-05-23","id":"moekarto-1958","locator":"FRUS 1958–1960, vol. XVII, document 109","publisher":"U.S. Department of State","title":"Memorandum of Conversation: Indonesian Situation","type":"primary-record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1958-60v17/d109"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1960-08-24","id":"moekarto-farewell","locator":"FRUS 1958–1960, vol. XVII, document 272","publisher":"U.S. Department of State","title":"Farewell Call on the President by Ambassador Moekarto","type":"primary-record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1958-60v17/d272"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"Undated; accessed 2026-10-23","id":"mission-78d157413df555e73547","locator":"Official embassy roster. Individual entries and date ranges retrieved from indexed primary-page excerpts; the page body did not render. These are embassy-listed service dates, not uniformly proven dates of presentation of credentials.","publisher":"","title":"Embassy of Indonesia: List of Indonesian Ambassadors to the U.S.","type":"Mission record","url":"https://kemlu.go.id/en/washington/tentang-perwakilan/list-of-indonesian-ambassadors-to-the-us"}],"topics":["Indonesian independence","United Nations","World Bank","educational exchange","West New Guinea","Cold War"]},"schemaVersion":1}