{"record":{"aliases":["Manuel Álvarez Calderón Roldán","Manuel Álvarez-Calderón"],"appointmentIds":["peru-14b3a9eae28c7b"],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/manuel-alvarez-calderon-087c57d357/","countrySlug":"peru","entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/manuel-alvarez-calderon-087c57d357/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Manuel Álvarez Calderón Roldán (1852–1935) was a lawyer, teacher, and diplomat, distinct from his father, the senator Manuel Álvarez Calderón Olaechea. Scholarly annotations to Manuel Candamo’s correspondence identify him as Candamo’s brother-in-law and associate in the 1874 campaign against Nicolás de Piérola. During the War of the Pacific he traveled to the United States. A contemporary profile later recalled his work teaching finance in the Faculty of Political Sciences and his legal practice before diplomacy became his principal occupation.","As minister in Washington, Álvarez Calderón promoted Peru to American investors. The editors of Candamo’s correspondence identify a publication he issued in 1903 presenting the country’s economic prospects. He also represented Peru at the Second International Conference of American States in Mexico, signing the January 1902 treaty on arbitration of pecuniary claims.","His subsequent assignments included Cuba, Chile, Belgium, and Switzerland. The contemporary Mundial profile describes his transfer from Washington to Santiago for the difficult task of restoring representation and pursuing negotiations with Chile. In his 1905 message to Congress, President José Pardo identified Álvarez Calderón as the plenipotentiary appointed to continue talks concerning Tacna and Arica.","He died in Lima on 23 July 1935, aged eighty-three. His interests included education and music."],"id":"peru:manuel alvarez calderon","identifiers":{},"legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-087c57d357af12e4bbbf.html","name":"Manuel Álvarez Calderón","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["alvarez-candamo","alvarez-candamo-letter","alvarez-mundial"],["alvarez-candamo-letter","alvarez-claims"],["alvarez-obituary","alvarez-mundial","alvarez-prado"],["alvarez-obituary","alvarez-candamo"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-087c57d357af12e4bbbf.html","relatedEvents":[],"relatedPeople":[],"relationships":[],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-10-28","revision":"7efc5ecbae60351a","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"","id":"alvarez-candamo","locator":"Printed p. 829, annotation 158","publisher":"Biblioteca Nacional del Perú digital edition","title":"El Perú desde la intimidad: epistolario de Manuel Candamo, annotation 158","type":"scholarship","url":"https://repositoriodigital.bnp.gob.pe/bnp/recursos/2/html/el-peru-desde-la-intimidad/830/"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"","id":"alvarez-candamo-letter","locator":"Printed p. 892, annotation 731","publisher":"Biblioteca Nacional del Perú digital edition","title":"El Perú desde la intimidad: annotation 731","type":"scholarship","url":"https://repositoriodigital.bnp.gob.pe/bnp/recursos/2/html/el-peru-desde-la-intimidad/893/"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1922","id":"alvarez-mundial","locator":"PDF p. 13","publisher":"Mundial; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos digital collection","title":"Humberto del Águila, Señor Doctor Manuel Alvarez-Calderón","type":"contemporary-report","url":"https://cedoc.sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe/public/pdf/revistas/mundial/1.125.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1902-01-30","id":"alvarez-claims","locator":"1905 volume, document 648; delegates and signatures","publisher":"U.S. Department of State, FRUS","title":"Treaty of arbitration for pecuniary claims","type":"primary-record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1905/d648"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1905","id":"alvarez-prado","locator":"1905 volume, document 743, Chile negotiations","publisher":"U.S. Department of State, FRUS","title":"Message of President Pardo to Congress","type":"primary-record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1905/d743"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1935-11","id":"alvarez-obituary","locator":"Vol. 69, no. 11, p. 888","publisher":"Bulletin of the Pan American Union","title":"Necrology: Manuel Alvarez Calderón","type":"contemporary-report","url":"https://archive.org/stream/sim_bulletin-of-the-pan-american-union_1935-11_69_11/sim_bulletin-of-the-pan-american-union_1935-11_69_11_djvu.txt"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-7c6732d6b6a8cca83a5b","locator":"Indexed full text retrieved. Records Ramos as chargé ad interim on 28 February 1975 and Arce’s appointment on 19 March; Rivero as chargé ad interim on 26 December 1982 and Pastor’s appointment on 3 June 1983. These bound the interim-event notes; appointment is not treated as a verified handover day. Also confirms Berckemeyer’s ambassador role. Direct archive opens returned technical difficulties.","publisher":"","title":"Diplomatic Representation for the Republic of Peru","type":"Mission record","url":"https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/cpr/rls/94363.htm"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-d8670ec7e164bf95a958","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Manuel Álvarez Calderón — mission record (1900–1905)","type":"Mission record","url":"https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1906p2/d594"}],"topics":["International arbitration","Tacna–Arica negotiations","Finance education","Investment promotion"]},"schemaVersion":1}