{"record":{"aliases":["Juan Ignacio de Osma y Ramírez de Arellano"],"appointmentIds":["peru-e24b84e04aacdc","peru-c8fc57c2a68997","peru-463d2c9a59670b","peru-54c9ecc37b600d","peru-a20b38a97cac72"],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/juan-ignacio-de-osma-e9642f5513/","countrySlug":"peru","entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/juan-ignacio-de-osma-e9642f5513/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Juan Ignacio de Osma belonged to a Lima family with several members in public service. Born on 1 July 1821, he was a younger brother of Joaquín José de Osma, a Peruvian diplomat. He was also distinct from their brother Ignacio, the later mayor of Lima; the two men have sometimes been conflated.","During the Lobos Islands dispute of 1852, Juan Ignacio challenged Secretary of State Daniel Webster’s assertion that Americans could remove guano without Peru’s permission. He presented historical and legal evidence for Peruvian sovereignty and helped obtain cancellation of instructions promising US naval protection to the expeditions. His brother Joaquín subsequently conducted the special mission that secured Washington’s formal recognition of Peru’s title.","In 1856 he protested US recognition of William Walker’s regime in Nicaragua and provided financial assistance to the Nicaraguan representative José de Marcoleta. His Washington legation became a centre for negotiations among Spanish American representatives. On 9 November they signed a proposed alliance and confederation intended to defend their countries against foreign aggression. It never entered into force. In the subsequent dispute over the captured guano vessels Georgiana and Lizzie Thompson, Osma helped obtain opinions from American jurists supporting Peru’s position.","Named minister of Government, Worship and Public Works in February 1857, Osma remained in the United States. Juan Manuel del Mar was appointed in April to administer the portfolio pending his arrival.","Osma married Emilia Rosa Scull y Andouin, whose family was established in Cuba. Their son Guillermo Joaquín de Osma y Scull, born in Havana in 1853, later entered Spanish public life and endowed Oxford’s de Osma Studentship. The family lost Emilia Rosa in 1858 and their younger son Juan soon afterwards."],"id":"peru:juan ignacio de osma","identifiers":{},"legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-e9642f5513f83945bf7d.html","name":"Juan Ignacio de Osma","notes":[{"sourceIds":["mission-252c0d4a9fdd1a57308b","mission-9bf99907d535a04cc800"],"text":"Osma’s 1855–1858 posting included service as chargé and minister; the date of promotion is uncertain."}],"paragraphSources":[["congress-family"],["garibaldi2012"],["novak-namihas2020"],["pcm1857"],["perez-de-arcos2021"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-e9642f5513f83945bf7d.html","relatedEvents":[],"relatedPeople":[{"certainty":"documented","name":"Joaquín José de Osma","note":"The congressional family genealogy identifies Juan Ignacio and Joaquín as brothers.","profileUrl":"diplomat-3ece2fe5b2677c79e37b.html","sourceIds":["congress-family"],"targetId":"peru:joaquin jose de osma","type":"sibling_of"},{"certainty":"documented","name":"Joaquín José de Osma","note":"They made complementary diplomatic representations during the 1852 Lobos Islands dispute.","profileUrl":"diplomat-3ece2fe5b2677c79e37b.html","sourceIds":["garibaldi2012"],"targetId":"peru:joaquin jose de osma","type":"worked_with"}],"relationships":[{"certainty":"documented","note":"The congressional family genealogy identifies Juan Ignacio and Joaquín as brothers.","sourceIds":["congress-family"],"targetId":"peru:joaquin jose de osma","type":"sibling_of"},{"certainty":"documented","note":"They made complementary diplomatic representations during the 1852 Lobos Islands dispute.","sourceIds":["garibaldi2012"],"targetId":"peru:joaquin jose de osma","type":"worked_with"}],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-10-28","revision":"18261a77732785fa","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"","id":"congress-family","locator":"pp. 1–3, separate sibling entries","publisher":"Congreso de la República del Perú","title":"Ignacio de Osma y Ramírez de Arellano: family history","type":"official-biography","url":"https://www3.congreso.gob.pe/Docs/participacion/museo/congreso/files/files/ignacio_osma.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2012","id":"garibaldi2012","locator":"pp. 116–117, Lobos Islands dispute","publisher":"Academia Diplomática del Perú, Política Internacional 104","title":"Rosa Garibaldi, The Foreign Relations of Peru with Great Britain and the United States in the Mid Nineteenth Century","type":"scholarship","url":"https://www.adp.edu.pe/intranet/uploads/revista/16-08-22-1093606310.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2020","id":"novak-namihas2020","locator":"pp. 85–86, 105–106 and 133–134, Walker, guano vessels and the 1856 Alliance and Confederation Treaty","publisher":"IDEI, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú / Konrad Adenauer Stiftung","title":"Fabián Novak and Sandra Namihas, El bicentenario de la política exterior peruana y su proyección en un mundo de cambios","type":"scholarship","url":"https://www.kas.de/documents/269552/0/El%2Bbicentenario%2Bde%2Bla%2Bpol%C3%ADtica%2Bexterior%2Bperuana%2By%2Bsu%2Bproyecci%C3%B3n%2Ben%2Bun%2Bmundo%2Bde%2Bcambios.pdf/8211b675-d5c1-3351-705d-870f2c4e317a?t=1607988639079&version=1.0"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2021","id":"perez-de-arcos2021","locator":"p. 279, Transatlantic Origins","publisher":"Hispanic Research Journal 21(3), Oxford repository","title":"Marina Pérez de Arcos, Individual, Institution, and Impact: The Untold History of the de Osma Studentship in Spanish Studies at Oxford","type":"scholarship","url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5efbd094-2490-4121-a3e7-6e0addf13747/files/r2j62s5085"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2016","id":"pcm1857","locator":"pp. 80–82; El Peruano, 14 February and 3 April 1857 cited in notes 88 and 91","publisher":"Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros","title":"José Francisco Gálvez Montero and Enrique Silvestre García Vega, Historia de la Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros, vol. I","type":"scholarship","url":"https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/46028/HISTORIA_DE_LA_PRESIDENCIA_DEL_CONSEJO_DE_MINISTROS_TOMO_I.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-b5f986e636b6f7c57c90","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1856–1858 (documented period))","type":"Mission record","url":"https://oas.org/sap/peacefund/VirtualLibrary/virtualLibrary.html"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-9a519a5681ba538ea0d3","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1856–1858 (documented period))","type":"Mission record","url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/5556347.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-252c0d4a9fdd1a57308b","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1856–1858 (documented period))","type":"Mission record","url":"https://bid.ub.edu/wp-content/pdf/41/ca/zaldua.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-9bf99907d535a04cc800","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1855 (acting service))","type":"Mission record","url":"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Embajadores_del_Per%C3%BA_en_Estados_Unidos"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-e453caecf11d784abe12","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1853 (documented service))","type":"Mission record","url":"https://ojs.fhce.edu.uy/index.php/claves/article/download/2212/3377/9353"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-a5c56b11a1692e718cc7","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1850–1852)","type":"Mission record","url":"https://dheller.org/Timeline-files/US-Statutes/v10/treaties/Treaty-Peru-1851.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"","id":"mission-db203b779c66ff738971","locator":"","publisher":"","title":"Juan Ignacio de Osma — mission record (1850–1852)","type":"Mission record","url":"https://www.scribd.com/document/415516579/Corrupt-Circles"}],"topics":[]},"schemaVersion":1}