{"record":{"aliases":["Jahangir Karamat"],"appointmentIds":["pakistan-a8c6906c5cf92c"],"appointmentsDataset":"https://chanceries.org/diplomats.json","archivalSources":[],"canonicalUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/jehangir-karamat-61a04efc7c/","countrySlug":"pakistan","entityId":"https://chanceries.org/diplopedia/people/jehangir-karamat-61a04efc7c/#person","eventIds":[],"expandedParagraphs":["Jehangir Karamat graduated from the Pakistan Military Academy in 1961 and served in the wars with India in 1965 and 1971. An armored corps officer, he later commanded a brigade in Saudi Arabia, directed military operations at army headquarters, and became a corps commander and chief of general staff. His professional education included Pakistan’s staff and defense colleges, Quaid-i-Azam University, and the US Army Command and General Staff College.","Karamat became chief of army staff in 1996 and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee in 1997. In October 1998, after publicly proposing a National Security Council and calling for an end to political conflict, he resigned amid controversy over the military’s role in government. Nawaz Sharif appointed Pervez Musharraf to replace him.","He subsequently taught at the National Defence University and joined Brookings as a visiting fellow in 2000, working with its South Asia project. Earlier, he had participated in the 1990–91 India–Pakistan talks.","Karamat returned to Washington as ambassador in 2004 and served until 2006. After the October 2005 earthquake, he received President George W. Bush at the Pakistani embassy, where Bush signed a condolence book and affirmed American humanitarian and military assistance. Karamat’s later institutional work included advising the Islamabad Policy Research Institute and participating in the Asia-Pacific Leadership Network."],"id":"pakistan:jehangir-karamat","identifiers":{},"legacyPersonIds":[],"legacyUrl":"https://chanceries.org/diplomat-61a04efc7cb29b006c12.html","name":"Jehangir Karamat","notes":[],"paragraphSources":[["karamat-brookings","karamat-apln"],["karamat-apln","karamat-resignation"],["karamat-brookings","karamat-apln"],["karamat-apln","karamat-bush"]],"profileUrl":"diplomat-61a04efc7cb29b006c12.html","relatedEvents":[{"basis":"tenure-overlap","country":"Pakistan","date":"2005-10-09","description":"Following the devastating 8 October earthquake, the United States began airlifting relief supplies and helicopters to Pakistan. Joint relief work connected American transport capacity with the urgent needs of communities cut off in mountainous terrain.","id":"earthquake-aid","note":"Named people and the recorded mission tenure provide the connection; overlap does not establish personal participation.","sourceUrls":["https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/10/text/20051009-1.html","https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/133117/dod-begins-earthquake-relief-efforts/"],"title":"Relief after the earthquake","url":"Pakistan.html#history-earthquake-aid"}],"relatedPeople":[],"relationships":[],"researchStatus":"reviewed","reviewedOn":"2026-10-28","revision":"c7eb043d15a47d82","sources":[{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2000-05-05","id":"karamat-brookings","locator":"News release and career profile","publisher":"Brookings Institution","title":"Former Chairman of the Pakistani Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Jehangir Karamat, arrives at Brookings","type":"official-biography","url":"https://www.brookings.edu/news/former-chairman-of-the-pakistani-joint-chiefs-of-staff-general-jehangir-karamat-arrives-at-brookings/"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":null,"id":"karamat-apln","locator":"Member biography","publisher":"Asia-Pacific Leadership Network","title":"Jehangir Karamat","type":"official-biography","url":"https://www.apln.network/members/pakistan/jehangir-karamat/bio"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"1998-10-08","id":"karamat-resignation","locator":"Opening report","publisher":"Deseret News","title":"What next? Pakistani leaders huddle after army chief resigns","type":"contemporary-report","url":"https://www.deseret.com/1998/10/8/19405712/what-next-pakistani-leaders-huddle-after-army-chief-resigns/"},{"accessedOn":"2026-10-28","date":"2005-10-14","id":"karamat-bush","locator":"Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents41(41), page1536","publisher":"White House / Government Publishing Office","title":"Remarks After Signing the Book of Condolences at the Embassy of Pakistan","type":"primary-record","url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/WCPD-2005-10-17/html/WCPD-2005-10-17-Pg1536.htm"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"Accessed 25 October 2026","id":"mission-df41a370e80eb9e5f015","locator":"Charge assumption/relinquishment dates differ from nomination, arrival and credentials. Raza start date has an internal overlap.","publisher":"","title":"2017 Year in Review — incoming ambassadors, printed page 73","type":"Mission record","url":"https://embassyofpakistanusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Year-in-Review.pdf"},{"accessedOn":"","date":"Accessed 25 October 2026","id":"mission-8d4bbd8703dedf3deb5e","locator":"First-envoy 1948 error corrected with primary 1947 records.","publisher":"","title":"Secondary ambassador chronology and biographical context","type":"Mission record","url":"https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/290165-military-men-journalist-bankers-also-remained-ambassadors-to-us"}],"topics":["military diplomacy","civil–military relations","2005 earthquake","South Asian security"]},"schemaVersion":1}